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upper airway resistance syndrome
Upper airway resistance syndrome or UARS is a sleep disorder characterized by airway resistance to breathing during sleep. The primary symptoms include daytime sleepiness and excessive fatigue.
==Diagnosis==
Polysomnography (sleep study) with the use of a probe to measure Pes (esophageal pressure) is the gold standard diagnostic test for UARS.〔Simmons, J.H., Giacomini, A., Guilleminault, C. Routine use of a water-filled catheter for measuring respiration during NPSG studies. An overview of the procedure and clinical utility. Sleep Res. 1993;22:387〕〔Guilleminault, C., Stoohs, R., Clerk, A., Simmons, J., Labanowksi, M. From obstructive sleep apnea syndrome to upper airway resistance syndrome: consistency of daytime sleepiness. Sleep. 1992;15:S13–S16〕〔Kushida CA1, Giacomini A, Lee MK, Guilleminault C, Dement WC. Technical protocol for the use of esophageal manometry in the diagnosis of sleep-related breathing disorders. Sleep Med. 2002 Mar;3(2):163-73〕 Apneas and hypopneas are absent or present in low numbers. Multiple snore arousals may be seen, and if an esophageal probe (Pes) is used, progressive elevation of esophageal pressure fluctuations terminating in arousals is noted. UARS can also be diagnosed using a nasal cannula/pressure transducer to measure the inspiratory airflow v. time signal.
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